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The expanding bullet may or may not expand. And when it does, it is usually at full expansion for only part of its travel through the body of target. The wide flat nosed hard cast punches a big hole without needing to expand. That hole will ordinarily be bigger than what the HP produces at the beginning and end of its trajectory through a human, cougar, or black bear sized body. Expanding bullets when they don't expand are just round nose bullets, notorious for zipping through flesh and doing little damage.Here is an interesting bit of caliber trivia (at least I think so) the 10 mm was developed to replicate the preformance of a 357 Magnum loaded with 180gr hard cast bullets. The idea was to be able to shoot thru both sides of a car and knock a bad guy over on the other side even if they were wearing body armor. My 180gr TC 10 mm load out of a 6" Glock g 40 barrel runs an average of 1300fps and my 180 gr TC load out of my 4" GP-100 runs an average of just under 1200fps. Niether bullet will expand so the idea is to hit the spine to neutralize the threat.
The level 2 body armor won't stop .357 mag, but level 3 soft body armor will. I think it stops all handgun bullets. It doesn't stop metal jacketed rifle ammo without extras like hard plates. Just from reading on internet.