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Generation IV reactors (Gen IV) are a set of nuclear reactor designs currently being researched for commercial applications by the Generation IV International Forum.
They are motivated by a variety of goals including improved safety, sustainability, efficiency, and cost.
The most developed Gen IV reactor design, the sodium fast reactor, has received the greatest share of funding over the years with a number of demonstration facilities operated.
The principal Gen IV aspect of the design relates to the development of a sustainable closed fuel cycle for the reactor.
The molten-salt reactor, a less developed technology, is considered as potentially having the greatest inherent safety of the six models.
The very-high-temperature reactor designs operate at much higher temperatures. This allows for high temperature electrolysis for the efficient production of hydrogen and the synthesis of carbon-neutral fuels.According to a timeline compiled by the World Nuclear Association, Gen IV reactors might enter commercial operation between 2020 and 2030.. However, as at August 2020, no Gen IV projects have advanced significantly beyond the design stage, and several have been abandoned.
Currently the majority of reactors in operation around the world are considered second generation reactor systems, as the vast majority of the first generation systems were retired some time ago, and there are only a few Generation III reactors in operation as of 2020.
Generation V reactors refer to reactors that are purely theoretical and are therefore not yet considered feasible in the short term, resulting in limited R&D funding.

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