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The NATO round is hotter (higher case pressure) than the .223 that's why 5.56 can't be shot in some .223's
The .223 can have a longer leade than the 5.56, so it might not fit a 5.56 chamber.
 
Something I picked up off another website and saved.




A SAAMI spec .223 Remington chamber will have a shorter leade with a sharper angle to the leade and a shorter amount of effective freebore than a 5.56mm NATO chamber. The freebore itself will also be narrower in the .223 Remington chamber.



With all other things being equal, the 5.56mm NATO chamber with its longer and shallower angled leade and longer amount of effective freebore will produce less chamber pressure than a .223 Remington chamber, when firing .223 Remington SAAMI Spec ammunition. Because of this, 5.56mm NATO ammunition can be loaded to a pressure that would be considered excessive in a .223 Remington chamber, yet acceptable in a 5.56mm NATO chamber. (Pressures are measured using different methods between the two systems, so a direct comparison between the two is not practicable.)

223vs5.56.jpg
 

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