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I believe the case you're referring to is Torres v. Madrid. The decision is here (pdf):
https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/20pdf/19-292_21p3.pdf
The first few paragraphs pretty much sums it up.
What is interesting is that the majority holds that a seizure or arrest occurs regardless of whether it was successful. If that is the view, can someone be found to have resisted an arrest?
If someone is shot and doesn't give up, the arrest still happened. Does shot #2 become it's own separate arrest? If each shot is it's own arrest and a medical witness determines if #1 was a mortal wound, do the rest become excessive?