Research by the Educational Fund to Stop Gun Violence underlines that the tragedy of gun violence and suicides is not spread randomly across the country, but is concentrated precisely in those places where gun ownership is most prevalent and gun laws at their loosest. When the fund analysed the new CDC statistics, it discovered the highest rates of gun suicides occurred in three states which also have the greatest gun ownership – Montana (19.4 gun suicides per 100,000), Wyoming (16.6) and Alaska (16.0)
Source: Gun deaths in US rise to highest level in 20 years, data shows
This is an example of a spurious correlation or spurious relationship. A spurious correlation or relationship is one in which two things that are not correlated with or related to each other appear to be related to or correlated with each other because both are related to a third lurking or hidden variable.
An example would be someone observing that the months when ice cream sales are the highest are also months when drowning deaths are the highest and making the fallacious statement that eating more ice cream increases drowning deaths. The lurking or hidden variable is weather temperature. During the hot summer months more ice cream is sold. The hot summer months are also when more people go swimming and are at risk of drowning. Ice cream sales and drownings both go up at the same time of year, but one doesn't cause the other.
Coming to such a incorrect conclusion is an example of the logical fallacy cum hoc ergo propter hoc, Latin for "with this, therefore because of this", also known as correlation does not imply causation.
In the same way "loose gun laws" and higher rates of gun ownership doesn't necessarily cause higher gun suicides.
In the case of "loose gun laws", higher rates of gun ownership, and gun suicides, the lurking or hidden variable is population density.
There is a well known relationship between lower population density - rural areas with fewer people per square mile - and increased suicide rates by all methods, not just firearms.
The counterintuitive case of suicide and population density — Per Square Mile
The Unsettling Link Between Sprawl and Suicide - CityLab
Is there a relationship between suicide rate and population density
It is thought to be related to more social isolation and fewer readily accessible mental health resources in sparsely populated rural areas.
Alaska, Wyoming, and Montana in order are the three states with the lowest population density. That is the real cause of higher suicide rates. Because they are rural Republican states they will also have less gun control and higher rates of gun ownership, but that doesn't cause the higher rates of suicide with firearms.
In order to come to a correct conclusion the study would have to use multivariate analysis to correct for the effect of the lurking variable of population density. If they did that the correlation would disappear.
I have found it to be generally the case that gun control advocates use statistics and studies in a very dishonest and misleading way to "prove" that guns are bad and gun control works.
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