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and how Whitworth invented a machine to measure 1/1,000,000 of an inch.....

Here is one of my Whitworth bullets - made by Steve and Joe Polisar of Albuquerque NM
in a row of .451 bullets of different types,

upload_2019-5-17_22-14-1.png

#1 - 535gr Polisar swaged Whitworth bullet flat-base.
#2 - after firing.
#3 - Dyson 325gr hollow base, and
#4 - after firing
#5 - Metford paper-patch bullet, and
#6 - Lyman 535gr cylindro-conoidal bullet after firing from a Whitworth rifle.

Parker-Hale Whitworth rifle -
upload_2019-5-17_22-19-17.png
 
Was that also called "British Standard" Commonly found on early Brit Sport cars in the 50's and 60's?

Yes.

Also co-founder of Armstrong-Whitworth who built BIG guns for the Royal Navy and military and civilian airplanes, and a gazillion other things. I thought you'd see the connection between being able to measure things using a screw thread rotation and the inventor of a screw thread pattern named after him.

Until metrication came along, there were a number of British standard threads -

BSW - Whitworth for general engineering.

BSP - British standard Pipe for plumbing.

BSG - British standard Gas for gas-fitting.

BSF - British standard fine for small electrical items.

BA - British association for fine model engineering and really small mechanical stuff

BSC - British standard Cycle for bicycles.

The small arms connection came about because Whitworth was fascinated with the attempts to improve the accuracy of the then service rifle - the Pattern 53 Enfield rifled musket and its .577 [.58] calibre Minié, but using a bullet of the same weight. After a few years of experimentation, he came up with an elongated bullet of 535gr, in a 1:22 twist hexagonally-bored barrel.

A few of them made their way to the CSA during the WoNA, and were used to great effect on officers and gun-crews at what were then felt to be ludicrously long ranges - between 800 and 1000 yards. Trust me, that beautiful elongated bullet was still making over 700 fps at 1000 yards, and would have stung considerable.

General John Sedgewick, of the Union, rued the day he'd ever taken the p*ss out of a ducking soldier on May 9th 1964, when an un-named Confederate sharpshooter shot him in the head at around 800 yards using his Whitworth rifle.

One gentleman on Youtube can be seen shooting such a rifle at around 1500 yards or so, check out long-range Whitworth shooting.
 

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